Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

Predicting Molecular Geometry

Predicting Molecular Geometry

VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that lead to abnormal heartbeats. These irregularities can originate from different parts of the heart and are classified based on their origin and nature.
Types of Arrhythmias
Sinus Node Arrhythmias
Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism,...

Geometry of Hyperbolas

Geometry of Hyperbolas

A hyperbola consists of all points where the absolute difference of distances to two fixed points, called foci, remains constant. The standard equation isEach branch extends infinitely and approaches two asymptotes, which guide the curve’s behavior. The parameters a and b define key features: a measures the distance from the center to each vertex along the transverse axis, while b influences the slopes of the asymptotes. The asymptotes have equationsA rectangle centered at the origin with...

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Tension TRAAKer: a chemigenetic fluorescent membrane tension reporter.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Voltage dynamics of cortical dendrites in vivo.

Nature neuroscience·2026

Same author

Electrical-Stimulation Hydrogel Electronic Skin for Sustainable Hybrid Biomechanical-Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting and Accelerating Wound Healing.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

Same author

SCOT+: a comprehensive software suite for single-cell alignment using optimal transport.

Bioinformatics advances·2026

Same author

Correction to "Optical Single-Channel Recording via Diffusional Confinement in Membrane Tethers".

ACS nano·2026

Same author

Cell type-specific gene regulatory network inference from single cell transcriptomics with ctOTVelo.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

Published on: May 7, 2017

Geometry-Dependent Arrhythmias in Electrically Excitable Tissues.

Harold M McNamara¹, Stephanie Dodson², Yi-Lin Huang³

¹Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

|October 8, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tissue geometry influences cell electrical activity through electrical signaling. This study reveals how cell shape impacts firing patterns, with implications for cardiac research and understanding cell-environment interactions.

Keywords:

arrhythmia dynamical systems electrophysiology excitable media synthetic biology

More Related Videos

Patterning the Geometry of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colonies on Compliant Substrates to Control Tissue-Level Mechanics

Patterning the Geometry of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colonies on Compliant Substrates to Control Tissue-Level Mechanics

Published on: September 28, 2019

Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues

Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues

Published on: May 15, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

Published on: May 7, 2017

Patterning the Geometry of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colonies on Compliant Substrates to Control Tissue-Level Mechanics

Patterning the Geometry of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colonies on Compliant Substrates to Control Tissue-Level Mechanics

Published on: September 28, 2019

Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues

Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues

Published on: May 15, 2021

Area of Science:

Cellular Electrophysiology
Tissue Engineering
Computational Biology

Background:

Individual cells' perception of macroscopic tissue geometry is poorly understood.
Electrical signaling's role in conveying geometric information to cells remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if long-range electrical signaling can communicate tissue geometry to individual cells.
To analyze the impact of macroscopic geometry on single-cell electrophysiology.

Main Methods:

Utilized an engineered electrically excitable cell line cultured in patterned islands of varying shapes.
Employed a Hodgkin-Huxley numerical model to simulate and quantitatively reproduce observed electrophysiological phenomena.
Observed dynamics in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes.

Main Results:

Engineered cells exhibited diverse firing patterns (regular spiking, alternans, arrhythmic firing) based on island geometry.
The numerical model accurately replicated geometry-dependent electrophysiological effects mediated by gap junction coupling.
Human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes displayed qualitatively similar geometry-dependent dynamics.

Conclusions:

Macroscopic tissue geometry significantly influences single-cell electrophysiology via electrical coupling.
Findings suggest caution when extrapolating in vitro arrhythmia observations to in vivo scenarios due to differing geometries.
Developed methods to extrapolate electrophysiological measurements between tissues with varying geometries and gap junction couplings.