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Missed hepatitis B birth dose vaccine is a risk factor for incomplete vaccination at 18 and 24 months

Peyton Wilson1, Genevieve Taylor2, Jamie Knowles3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, 038 MacNider Hall, CB #7231, United States.

The Journal of Infection
|October 8, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Missing the Hepatitis B (HepB) birth dose vaccine increases the risk of incomplete childhood immunizations. Early parental attitudes towards vaccines significantly impact vaccination completion rates.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The Hepatitis B (HepB) birth dose vaccine is a critical first step in a child's immunization schedule.
  • Understanding factors associated with delayed or missed vaccinations is essential for improving public health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if failing to administer the HepB birth dose vaccine is a predictor of incomplete vaccination later in childhood.
  • To identify potential underlying reasons for vaccination disparities.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving infants born over a year at an academic medical center.
  • Infants were categorized into two groups: those who received the HepB birth dose within seven days of life and those who did not.
  • Vaccination status at 18 and 24 months was assessed using the state vaccination registry.

Main Results:

  • Infants who missed the HepB birth dose exhibited significantly lower rates of complete vaccination at 18 months (23% vs. 44%) and 24 months (45% vs. 65%).
  • A single latent variable, strongly indicative of vaccine hesitancy or refusal, explained over 80% of the variation in vaccination completion.

Conclusions:

  • Missing the HepB birth dose is a significant risk factor for under-immunization in early childhood.
  • Parental vaccine attitudes appear to form early, suggesting the need for proactive public health interventions before or during pregnancy.
Abstract

Keywords:
Hepatitis B vaccineHepatitis B virusvaccinationvaccine hesitancy

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