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Convergent, Discriminant, and Concurrent Validity of Nonmemory-Based Performance Validity Tests.

Troy A Webber1, Edan A Critchfield1, Jason R Soble1,2

  • 1South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA.

Assessment
|October 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found that combining the Dot Counting Test (DCT) with specific Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV Digit Span subtests (like Reliable Digit Span-Revised and Age-Corrected Scaled Score) can improve the detection of noncredible performance in cognitive assessments.

Keywords:
assessmentelderly/geriatrics/agingmalingering/symptom validity testing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Cognitive Assessment

Background:

  • Performance Validity Tests (PVTs) are crucial for identifying noncredible test performance.
  • Memory-based PVTs are common, but nonmemory-based PVTs can supplement their effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the validity of nonmemory-based PVTs, specifically the Dot Counting Test (DCT) and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth edition (WAIS-IV) Reliable Digit Span (RDS).
  • To assess alternative WAIS-IV Digit Span (DS) subtest PVTs for identifying noncredible performance.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed the DCT, WAIS-IV DS, and criterion PVTs (Test of Memory Malingering, Word Memory Test, Word Choice Test).
  • Validity groups were established based on performance on criterion PVTs (valid vs. noncredible).
  • Correlational analyses examined relationships between nonmemory-based PVTs and memory-based PVTs.

Main Results:

  • DCT, RDS, RDS-Revised (RDS-R), and WAIS-IV DS Age-Corrected Scaled Score (ACSS) were correlated with each other but not with memory-based PVTs.
  • Combining RDS, RDS-R, and ACSS with DCT enhanced classification accuracy for detecting noncredible performance in cognitively unimpaired individuals.
  • The combination of DCT and ACSS showed particular promise in improving detection accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Nonmemory-based PVTs like DCT and WAIS-IV DS subtests can effectively supplement memory-based PVTs.
  • Combining DCT with ACSS may offer a unique and effective approach to identifying noncredible neuropsychological test performance, especially in unimpaired individuals.