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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

817
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
817
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

963
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
963
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
1.5K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

620
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
620
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

1.7K
Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
1.7K
Overview of Pulmonary Circulation01:19

Overview of Pulmonary Circulation

3.1K
The pulmonary circulation is a vital system in our body that acts as a bridge between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It serves as a transport network for deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and then returns oxygen-rich blood back to the heart.
The process begins with the right ventricle of the heart pumping deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary trunk. This large vessel extends about 5 centimeters before splitting into the left and right pulmonary arteries. These arteries...
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Related Experiment Video

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Detection of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Haematological Malignancy Patients by using Lateral-flow Technology
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Non-invasive pulmonary function test on Morquio patients.

Caitlin Doherty1, Francyne Kubaski2,3, Shunji Tomatsu3,4,5

  • 1University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.

Journal of Rare Diseases Research & Treatment
|October 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Morquio syndrome patients often have airway issues and difficulty with standard breathing tests. Non-invasive pulmonary function tests (PFTs) offer a reliable alternative for assessing lung function in these patients.

Keywords:
Impulse oscillometry systemMorquio syndromeNon-invasive pulmonary function testPneumotachographyRespiratory inductance plethysmography

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Pulmonology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Morquio syndrome presents significant airway challenges, including tracheal narrowing and restrictive lung disease.
  • These factors increase mortality risk from sleep apnea and complicate anesthetic procedures.
  • Skeletal dysplasia in Morquio syndrome hinders standard pulmonary function tests (PFTs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of non-invasive PFTs for assessing lung function in Morquio syndrome patients.
  • To identify reliable methods for diagnosing pulmonary insufficiency in patients unable to perform effort-dependent PFTs.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of non-invasive PFTs (respiratory inductance plethysmography, impulse oscillometry system, pneumotachography) with spirometry.
  • Assessment of PFTs in Morquio syndrome patients with varying degrees of cooperation and clinical circumstances.

Main Results:

  • Non-invasive PFTs proved to be a reliable approach for evaluating lung function in Morquio syndrome patients.
  • These methods provide valuable clinical information not obtainable through conventional, effort-dependent PFTs.
  • Non-invasive PFTs accommodate a broader range of patients, including those intolerant to effort-dependent testing.

Conclusions:

  • Non-invasive PFTs are a valuable tool for assessing pulmonary insufficiency in Morquio syndrome.
  • These methods overcome limitations of standard spirometry in patients with skeletal dysplasia and cooperation issues.
  • Non-invasive PFTs improve the diagnosis and management of respiratory complications in Morquio syndrome.