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Related Experiment Videos

Gut microbiota and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Camilla Virili1,2, Poupak Fallahi3, Alessandro Antonelli4

  • 1Endocrinology Section, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Latina, Italy. camilla.virili@uniroma1.it.

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders
|October 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

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The gut microbiota, crucial for health, influences autoimmune diseases like Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Dysbiosis, an altered gut microbial composition, is linked to thyroid autoimmunity development and progression.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • The gastrointestinal tract hosts the gut microbiota, a symbiotic community vital for host homeostasis.
  • The gut microbiota plays key roles in nutrition, metabolism, detoxification, vitamin synthesis, and immune system development.
  • Alterations in gut microbiota composition (dysbiosis) are associated with various disorders, including obesity and autoimmune diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the recent literature on the reciprocal influence between the gut microbiota and thyroid autoimmunity.
  • To explore how changes in intestinal microbial composition may affect the development and progression of autoimmune thyroid disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on recent studies.
  • Analysis of research on gut microbiota and thyroid autoimmunity in murine models and humans.
Keywords:
DysbiosisHashimoto’s thyroiditisMicrobiotaProbioticThyroid autoimmunity

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Main Results:

  • Dysbiosis is observed in various autoimmune conditions, including type 1 diabetes, systemic sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • Growing evidence suggests a significant impact of intestinal microbial composition and dysbiosis on the genesis and progression of autoimmune thyroid disorders.
  • Thyroid peripheral homeostasis may be sensitive to changes in the gut microbiota.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota significantly influences host health and immune function.
  • Dysbiosis is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disorders, particularly Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
  • Further research into the microbiota-thyroid autoimmunity axis is warranted.