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A systematic review and meta-analysis of nutrition interventions for chronic noncancer pain
K Brain1,2, T L Burrows1,2, M E Rollo1,2
1Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Background:
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the impact of nutrition interventions on participant reported pain severity and intensity in populations with chronic pain.
Methods:
Eight databases were systematically searched for studies that included adult populations with a chronic pain condition, a nutrition intervention and a measure of pain. Where possible, data were pooled using meta-analysis. Seventy-one studies were included, with 23 being eligible for meta-analysis.
Results:
Studies were categorised into four groups: (i) altered overall diet with 12 of 16 studies finding a significant reduction in participant reported pain; (ii) altered specific nutrients with two of five studies reporting a significant reduction in participant reported pain; (iii) supplement-based interventions with 11 of 46 studies showing a significant reduction in pain; and (iv) fasting therapy with one of four studies reporting a significant reduction in pain. The meta-analysis found that, overall, nutrition interventions had a significant effect on pain reduction with studies testing an altered overall diet or just one nutrient having the greatest effect.
Conclusions:
This review highlights the importance and effectiveness of nutrition interventions for people who experience chronic pain.
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