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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

929
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
929
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

3.7K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
3.7K
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

886
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
886
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

340
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
340
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

971
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
971
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

319
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
319

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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart
08:49

Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart

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Innovations in Ventricular Assist Devices for End-Stage Heart Failure.

Robert J H Miller1, Jeffrey J Teuteberg1, Sharon A Hunt1

  • 1Section of Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplant, and Mechanical Circulatory Support, and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA; email: rjhmille@stanford.edu , jeff.teuteberg@stanford.edu , hunts@stanford.edu.

Annual Review of Medicine
|October 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Demand for left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) is rising due to increased heart failure. Technological advancements and refined patient management are improving LVAD outcomes, expanding their use in advanced heart failure treatment.

Keywords:
LVADheart failureleft ventricular assist devicemechanical circulatory support

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Increasing prevalence of end-stage heart failure (HF) outpaces organ availability for transplantation.
  • Growing need for left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) as a bridge to transplantation and destination therapy.
  • Limited donor organs necessitate advanced mechanical circulatory support solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in LVAD technology and patient management.
  • To discuss evolving criteria for LVAD implant decision-making.
  • To highlight the impact of improved outcomes on earlier consideration of LVAD therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent technological innovations in LVADs.
  • Analysis of refined patient management strategies.
  • Examination of updated guidelines for LVAD implantation.

Main Results:

  • LVAD technology has significantly improved, leading to better patient outcomes.
  • Enhanced clinical experience and refined management protocols contribute to iterative outcome improvements.
  • Improved outcomes support considering LVADs earlier in advanced HF management.

Conclusions:

  • LVADs are increasingly vital for managing end-stage heart failure.
  • Ongoing technological and clinical advancements are expanding the role and efficacy of LVADs.
  • The potential benefits of LVAD therapy are being recognized for patients earlier in their HF progression.