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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Measurements in Cochlear Implantation and Its Application in the Postoperative Fitting Process
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Factors Affecting Sound-Source Localization in Children With Simultaneous or Sequential Bilateral Cochlear Implants.

Catherine Killan1, Andrew Scally2, Edward Killan3

  • 1Yorkshire Auditory Implant Service, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom.

Ear and Hearing
|October 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The time between cochlear implant surgeries and the onset of profound deafness negatively impacts sound localization in children. Minimizing delays and considering hearing loss type are crucial for better outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Bilateral cochlear implants (CIs) aim to restore hearing in profoundly deaf children.
  • Sound localization is a complex auditory skill crucial for spatial awareness and communication.
  • Factors influencing sound localization outcomes in pediatric CI users require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the impact of the interval between bilateral cochlear implantations (interimplant interval) on sound localization.
  • To assess how the onset of profound deafness affects sound localization in children with bilateral CIs.
  • To control for cochlear implant manufacturer, patient age, and time since the second implant.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of 127 children (≥4 years) with bilateral CIs.
  • Sound-source localization tested using stimuli from five azimuthal locations.
  • Multivariable linear regression analyzed the effects of interimplant interval, deafness onset, and time post-implantation.

Main Results:

  • Longer interimplant intervals were associated with worse sound localization accuracy.
  • Congenital profound deafness resulted in poorer localization compared to acquired/progressive hearing loss.
  • Increased time since the second CI improved localization accuracy.
  • Manufacturer differences were observed, with Med-El and Advanced Bionics showing variations.

Conclusions:

  • Minimizing the interimplant interval is recommended for children with bilateral profound hearing loss.
  • Children with acquired or progressive hearing loss may achieve better sound localization with bilateral CIs than congenitally deaf peers.
  • Understanding these factors can optimize auditory rehabilitation strategies for pediatric CI users.