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Cross-sectional associations between body mass index and social-emotional wellbeing among differentially active

Robert J Noonan1, Stuart J Fairclough1,2

  • 1Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK.

European Journal of Public Health
|October 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Higher body mass index (BMI) is linked to social-emotional wellbeing (SEW) difficulties in less active children, but not in highly active children. This highlights the importance of physical activity for children's emotional health.

Area of Science:

  • Child Health
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Investigating the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and social-emotional wellbeing (SEW) in children is crucial for understanding developmental health.
  • Physical activity levels can influence both weight status and emotional health in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess gender-specific associations between body mass index (BMI) and social-emotional wellbeing (SEW) in seven-year-old children.
  • To explore how different levels of physical activity moderate the relationship between BMI and SEW.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (N=6011) with objective physical activity measures (accelerometry) and parent-reported emotional and behavioral outcomes (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire).
  • Calculated BMI and categorized children into physical activity quartiles (least to most active) separately for boys and girls.
  • Employed adjusted linear regression analyses to examine gender-specific associations between BMI and SEW across physical activity levels.

Main Results:

  • Body mass index (BMI) showed positive associations with peer problems in lower to moderately active boys and girls.
  • Conduct problems were linked to higher BMI in moderately and highly active boys, while emotional problems and prosocial behavior were associated with BMI in moderately active boys.
  • Total difficulties were associated with higher BMI in less active girls and moderately active boys.

Conclusions:

  • Body mass index (BMI) is positively associated with social-emotional wellbeing (SEW) difficulties primarily among less physically active children.
  • The findings suggest that higher physical activity may buffer the negative impact of BMI on SEW in children.
  • Further research is recommended to investigate the combined effects of diet, physical activity, and weight status on children's SEW.
Abstract

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