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Training to Compete at Altitude:Natural Altitude or Simulated Live High:Train Low?

Amelia J Carr, Laura A Garvican-Lewis, Brent S Vallance

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    Summary

    Natural altitude training (NAT) and simulated (SIM) altitude training both improved race walking performance. NAT showed a greater increase in maximal oxygen consumption compared to SIM.

    Keywords:
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    Area of Science:

    • Sports Science
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Altitude Training

    Background:

    • Altitude training is a common strategy to enhance athletic performance.
    • Live high:train low (LHTL) is a popular altitude training method.
    • Comparing natural altitude training (NAT) with simulated LHTL is important for optimizing training protocols.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the effects of natural altitude training (NAT) and simulated (SIM) live high:train low (LHTL) altitude training on road-race walking performance.
    • To assess changes in treadmill threshold walking speed and maximal oxygen consumption at 1380 m.

    Main Methods:

    • Twenty-two elite race walkers were assigned to NAT (1380 m), SIM LHTL (3000:600 m), or control (CON, 600 m) groups for 14 days.
    • Performance testing included a 5x2-km road-race walk and an incremental treadmill test.
    • Statistical analysis used mixed-model ANOVA and magnitude-based inferences.

    Main Results:

    • NAT and SIM groups showed substantial improvements in road-race walking performance compared to CON.
    • NAT resulted in a substantially greater increase in maximal oxygen consumption than SIM.
    • Both NAT and SIM significantly improved threshold walking speed compared to CON.

    Conclusions:

    • Both natural and simulated live high:train low altitude training methods can lead to effective acclimatization.
    • Athletes can achieve reasonable adaptations for competition at lower altitudes using these training strategies.