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Does adding water to a dry starter diet improve calf performance during winter?

H Beiranvand¹, M Khani², F Ahmadi³

¹1FKA Agri-Animal Production Co.,Isfahan 13895-81799,Iran.

Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience

|October 11, 2018

Summary

Adding water to calf starter diets improves winter performance. A wet starter diet with 75% dry matter (DM) maximized calf weaning weight and growth, suggesting benefits for young cattle.

Keywords:

cold stress growth performance moisture level rumen fermentation sorting behavior

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Area of Science:

Animal Science
Ruminant Nutrition
Calf Management

Background:

Previous research indicated improved calf performance with wet starter diets during summer.
Winter conditions may present unique challenges for calf starter intake and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effect of starter diet moisture content on Holstein calf performance during winter.
To determine the optimal dry matter (DM) level for wet starter diets in cold weather.

Main Methods:

Forty-five Holstein calves were fed starter diets with 90%, 75%, or 50% DM for 70 days.
Calves were weaned at 50 days.
Measurements included feed intake, body weight, average daily gain, feed efficiency, skeletal growth, rumen fermentation, and behavior.

Main Results:

Calves fed 75% DM starter (DM75) had the highest weaning weight (76.8 kg).
Average daily gain was greatest for DM75 and DM50 groups during the pre- and post-weaning periods, respectively.
Increased moisture content reduced diet sorting and linearly increased rumen volatile fatty acids.

Conclusions:

A wet starter diet (75% DM) can enhance calf performance during winter.
Moisture addition may improve feed intake, growth, and rumen function in young calves.
Dietary moisture influences feed particle selection and rumen fermentation.