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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Derivation of a Human Brain Organoid with Microglia Development

Derivation of a Human Brain Organoid with Microglia Development

Published on: January 17, 2025

Microglia innately develop within cerebral organoids.

Paul R Ormel^1,2, Renata Vieira de Sá¹, Emma J van Bodegraven¹

¹Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht (BCRM-UMCU), Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Nature Communications

|October 11, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel cerebral organoid model containing microglia, crucial brain immune cells. These organoids mimic human brain development and disease, offering a powerful tool for neuroscience research.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Stem cell biology
Immunology

Background:

Cerebral organoids are 3D stem cell models of the human brain.
Current models lack microglia, essential immune cells derived from the mesodermal lineage.
This absence limits the study of neurodevelopment and neurological diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the innate development of microglia within cerebral organoids.
To characterize the function and transcriptomic profile of organoid-derived microglia.
To establish a more complete model for studying brain development and disease.

Main Methods:

Generation of 3D cerebral organoids from stem cells.
Transcriptomic analysis of organoid-derived cells.
Assessment of microglial morphology and function (e.g., inflammatory response, phagocytosis).

Main Results:

Microglia spontaneously developed within the cerebral organoids, exhibiting characteristic ramified morphology.
The transcriptome and inflammatory response of organoid microglia closely resembled those of human post-mortem brain microglia.
Organoid-derived microglia demonstrated phagocytic activity, engulfing synaptic material.

Conclusions:

This study presents the first microglia-containing cerebral organoid model.
These organoids provide a valuable platform for studying microglia-neuron interactions in human brain development and disease.
The model enhances the study of neurological disorders involving neuroinflammation.