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Predicting Substance Use and Deviant Behavior from Prosociality and Sociability in Adolescents
Lingjun Chen1, Xinyin Chen2, Siman Zhao3
1Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Journal of Youth and Adolescence
|October 11, 2018
Summary
Prosociality, or positive social behavior, reduces adolescent problem behaviors, while sociability, or being outgoing, increases them. These distinct aspects of social competence impact youth development differently.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Adolescent Behavior
- Social Competence
Background:
- Social competence is crucial for healthy adolescent development.
- Existing research often treats social competence as a single entity, overlooking distinct components.
- The unique impacts of different social competence aspects on development require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the distinct longitudinal relationships between prosociality and sociability with adolescent problem behaviors.
- To investigate how gender and grade level moderate these associations.
Main Methods:
- A two-wave longitudinal study was conducted with adolescents in Chinese middle and high schools.
- Peer assessments measured prosociality and sociability.
- Self-report measures assessed substance use and deviant behavior.
Main Results:
- Prosociality negatively predicted future problem behaviors.
- Sociability positively predicted future problem behaviors.
- Gender and grade moderated the sociability-problem behavior link, with stronger associations for boys and younger adolescents regarding substance use.
Conclusions:
- Prosociality and sociability have differential impacts on adolescent development.
- Understanding these distinctions is vital for interventions targeting adolescent problem behaviors.
- Sociability's link to substance use highlights gender and age-specific risks.
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