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Characteristics and outcome of burned children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit

Luciana Gil Barcellos1,2, Ana Paula Pereira da Silva1,3, Jefferson Pedro Piva4,5

  • 1Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de Trauma Pediátrico, Hospital Municipal de Pronto Socorro de Porto Alegre - Porto Alegre (RS), Brasil.

Revista Brasileira De Terapia Intensiva
|October 11, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric burn patients face high morbidity from scalds. Inhalation injury and extensive burned body surface area significantly increase mortality risk in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care
  • Burn injury epidemiology
  • Trauma intensive care

Background:

  • Pediatric burn injuries are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding the characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized pediatric burn patients is crucial for improving care.
  • Pediatric trauma intensive care units (PTICUs) manage severe burn cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the characteristics and outcomes of children hospitalized for burn injuries.
  • To identify key factors influencing mortality and morbidity in pediatric burn patients.
  • To provide data for optimizing treatment strategies in burn care.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of pediatric burn patients (< 16 years) admitted to a PTICU.
  • Analysis of sociodemographic and clinical variables including burn cause, body surface area, and inhalation injury.
  • Evaluation of outcomes such as length of stay, need for mechanical ventilation, and mortality.

Main Results:

  • 140 pediatric patients were analyzed; 5% overall mortality.
  • Scalding was the most common cause (51.4%), followed by fire (38.6%).
  • Inhalation injury significantly increased the risk of ventilation (RR 6.1) and mortality (RR 14.1). Burned body surface area >50% correlated with 80% mortality. Tobiasen Abbreviated Burn Severity Index was significantly higher in non-survivors.

Conclusions:

  • Scalding burns are frequent and linked to high morbidity.
  • Mortality in pediatric burn patients is strongly associated with the extent of burned body surface area and the presence of inhalation injury.
  • Emphasis on fire accident prevention and prompt diagnosis/treatment of inhalation injury is critical.
Abstract

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