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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Functional movement disorders (FMDs) are neurological conditions characterized by abnormal involuntary movements.
  • Understanding the underlying neurobiology of FMDs is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in gray matter volume in individuals diagnosed with FMDs.
  • To identify specific brain regions affected by structural changes in FMD patients.

Main Methods:

  • T1-weighted MRI scans were acquired from 48 FMD patients and 55 healthy controls.
  • Voxel-based morphometry was employed to compare whole-brain gray matter volume differences.
  • Correlation analyses examined the relationship between structural changes and clinical factors like depression, anxiety, and childhood trauma.

Main Results:

  • FMD patients displayed increased gray matter volume in the left amygdala, left striatum, left cerebellum, left fusiform gyrus, and bilateral thalamus.
  • A decreased gray matter volume was observed in the left sensorimotor cortex of FMD patients.
  • No significant correlation was found between volumetric differences and disease duration or severity.

Conclusions:

  • Functional movement disorders are associated with structural gray matter abnormalities.
  • These abnormalities are located in key areas of the limbic and sensorimotor circuits.
  • The observed changes may represent a premorbid trait, the disease process itself, or a compensatory mechanism.