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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
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[Inflammation and early hematopoiesis].

Hitoshi Takizawa1, Yoshikazu Hayashi1

  • 1International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University.

[Rinsho Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
|October 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Inflammation triggers hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow to increase blood cell production during infection. This review explores how inflammatory responses and bone marrow niche cells coordinate this defense mechanism.

Keywords:
Bone marrow nicheHematopoietic stem cellsInflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are crucial for lifelong blood cell production.
  • During infection or inflammation, increased demand for blood cells necessitates enhanced hematopoiesis.
  • The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment plays a critical role in regulating HSC function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which inflammatory responses influence hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their niche.
  • To discuss how HSCs are recruited and activated to meet increased hematopoietic demand during stress.
  • To highlight the role of bone marrow niche cells in mediating inflammation-induced hematopoiesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on inflammation, hematopoiesis, and stem cell biology.
  • Analysis of mechanisms involving HSCs and bone marrow niche cells.
  • Synthesis of evidence on immune-privileged sites and inflammatory responses.

Main Results:

  • Infection-related inflammation stimulates HSCs and progenitors within the bone marrow.
  • Inflammatory signals facilitate hematopoiesis for self-defense during hematopoietic stress.
  • Both HSCs and bone marrow niche cells are involved in the inflammatory response.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammation actively modulates hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function and bone marrow microenvironment.
  • The bone marrow is not strictly immune-privileged during inflammatory conditions.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for developing therapies for hematopoietic disorders.