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Related Concept Videos

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care01:27

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Interprofessional care for coronary artery disease includes pharmacological therapy and revascularization procedures.Pharmacological therapy for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes through various classes of medications:Antiplatelet Agents:Aspirin and Clopidogrel: These medications inhibit platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots, which is crucial for avoiding heart attacks and strokes. Doctors often prescribe these...
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Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
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Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

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Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
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Nursing interventions are chosen as part of the planning process to achieve patient outcomes. Once nursing diagnoses are determined, the goals and outcomes are specified, then the nursing interventions are selected and individualized according to the patient's situation.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Direct Re-implantation of Left Coronary Artery into the Aorta in Adults with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery ALCAPA
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Bifurcation Intervention in Single Coronary Artery.

Akira Shikuma1, Jun Shiraishi1, Nariko Koshi1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Kyoto First Red Cross Hospital.

International Heart Journal
|October 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A rare single coronary artery anomaly presented with angina. Percutaneous coronary intervention successfully treated a severe left circumflex artery stenosis using intravascular ultrasound and kissing balloon techniques.

Keywords:
Bifurcation lesionComputed tomographyIntravascular ultrasoundPercutaneous coronary intervention

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Congenital coronary artery anomalies are rare but can lead to significant cardiovascular events.
  • A single coronary artery arising from the right sinus of Valsalva is an uncommon anomaly.
  • Anomalous coronary arteries, particularly the left circumflex artery, can be challenging to treat due to their course.

Observation:

  • A 77-year-old male presented with angina on effort.
  • Coronary angiography and CT revealed a single coronary artery originating from the right sinus of Valsalva.
  • Severe stenosis was identified in the bifurcation of the obtuse marginal branch of an anomalously originating left circumflex artery.

Findings:

  • Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed for the complex bifurcation lesion.
  • Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance was utilized for precise stent placement.
  • An everolimus-eluting stent was successfully implanted in the left circumflex artery bifurcation.
  • Kissing balloon inflation was performed using specialized microcatheter systems for optimal lesion coverage.

Implications:

  • This case demonstrates the feasibility of complex PCI in a single coronary artery anomaly.
  • Intravascular ultrasound and guide extension catheters are valuable tools for managing challenging coronary bifurcations.
  • Successful intervention can alleviate symptoms and improve outcomes in patients with coronary anomalies.