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Sam Domains in Multiple Diseases.

Marian Vincenzi1, Flavia Anna Mercurio1,2, Marilisa Leone1,2

  • 1Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.

Current Medicinal Chemistry
|October 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Sterile alpha motif (Sam) domains are crucial protein modules implicated in various diseases like cancer. Understanding their role in disease pathogenesis is key to developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting these domains.

Keywords:
Sam domainsdiseasesdrug discoveryprotein-protein interactionsstructural biologytherapeutic routes.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The sterile alpha motif (Sam) domain is a versatile helical protein module involved in protein oligomerization and polymerization.
  • Certain Sam domains are implicated in pathological processes, making them potential therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on how Sam domains contribute to disease onset and progression.
  • To explore the structural properties and interaction modes of Sam domains in disease contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search focusing on Sam domain structure, interactions, and disease relevance.
  • Analysis of studies linking Sam domains to specific pathological conditions.

Main Results:

  • Sam domains are critical in diseases such as cancer, renal disorders, and cataracts.
  • Mutations in Sam domains can destabilize proteins or disrupt essential interactions, leading to disease.
  • In some cases, Sam domains indirectly enhance pathological events by modulating other protein functions.

Conclusions:

  • Sam domains play significant roles across a wide spectrum of diseases.
  • Further research and drug discovery efforts are needed to develop small molecules or peptides targeting Sam domains for novel therapeutic strategies.