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[Meningococcal infections in Switzerland : changes in epidemiology, clinical manifestations and prophylaxis]

Stéphane Emonet1,2, Rita Born3, Jacques Schrenzel2,4

  • 1Service des maladies infectieuses, Institut central des hôpitaux, Hôpital du Valais, Av. du Grand-Champsec 86, 1950 Sion.

Revue Medicale Suisse
|October 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Meningococcal infection patterns have shifted in Europe and Switzerland, with increased prevalence of serogroups Y and W. A hypervirulent Neisseria meningitidis strain necessitates updated vaccination strategies for at-risk populations.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Meningococcal infections pose a significant public health challenge.
  • Recent epidemiological shifts in Europe and Switzerland indicate changing disease patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the evolving epidemiology of meningococcal infections.
  • To highlight the emergence of specific serogroups and strains.
  • To inform updated vaccination recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • Epidemiological surveillance data analysis.
  • Strain characterization and clonal analysis.
  • Review of clinical manifestations and disease trends.

Main Results:

  • Increased prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis serogroups Y and W observed.
  • Emergence of a hypervirulent, clonal serogroup W strain identified.
  • Atypical clinical presentations including pharyngitis, pneumonia, and arthritis are more common.

Conclusions:

  • The epidemiology of meningococcal disease is changing, driven by serogroup shifts and a hypervirulent W strain.
  • Updated vaccinal recommendations are crucial for managing emerging risks.
  • Conjugated vaccines are key to addressing these evolving threats.

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