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Support surfaces for treating pressure ulcers.

Elizabeth McInnes1, Asmara Jammali-Blasi, Sally Em Bell-Syer

  • 1Nursing Research Institute, St Vincent's Health Australia (Sydney) and Australian Catholic University (ACU), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Executive Suite, Level 5 DeLacy Building, St Vincent's Hospital, 390 Victoria Road, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia, 2010.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The effectiveness of specialized support surfaces for healing pressure ulcers remains uncertain. Current evidence, primarily from randomized controlled trials, indicates low to very low certainty, with no clear benefit for low- or high-tech surfaces over standard options.

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Area of Science:

  • Wound healing research
  • Medical device efficacy
  • Clinical trial methodology

Background:

  • Pressure ulcers are skin injuries caused by unrelieved pressure.
  • Support surfaces (beds, mattresses, cushions) aim to redistribute pressure.
  • The comparative effectiveness of different support surfaces is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of pressure-relieving support surfaces in treating pressure ulcers.
  • To update existing systematic review evidence on this topic.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of multiple databases and trial registries for randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Inclusion of published and unpublished RCTs regardless of language, date, or setting.
  • Independent data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and GRADE evaluations.

Main Results:

  • Nineteen RCTs involving 3241 participants were included in this update.
  • Most trials were small and had a high or unclear risk of bias.
  • Evidence regarding the healing of pressure ulcers with low-tech and high-tech support surfaces is of low to very low certainty, with no clear superiority over standard surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not clarify if any specific low- or high-tech support surface effectively heals pressure ulcers compared to standard surfaces.
  • The certainty of evidence is limited by risk of bias, imprecision, and indirectness.
  • Further high-quality research is needed to determine the optimal support surfaces for pressure ulcer treatment.