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Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 19-35 Months - United States, 2017

Holly A Hill1, Laurie D Elam-Evans1, David Yankey1

  • 1Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC.

MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
|October 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Childhood vaccination coverage remains high, with over 90% of children receiving key vaccines. However, a small but growing percentage of children are unvaccinated, highlighting disparities in access for uninsured and Medicaid-insured children.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunization Practices

Background:

  • The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends routine childhood vaccinations by 24 months against 14 serious illnesses.
  • Monitoring vaccination coverage is crucial for assessing public health and identifying areas for improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess national, state, territorial, and local vaccination coverage among US children aged 19-35 months using 2017 National Immunization Survey-Child (NIS-Child) data.
  • To identify trends in childhood vaccination coverage and disparities based on insurance status and geographic location.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the 2017 National Immunization Survey-Child (NIS-Child).
  • Assessment of vaccination coverage rates for specific vaccines (poliovirus, MMR, HepB, varicella) and for children receiving no vaccine doses.
  • Comparison of coverage based on insurance status (uninsured, Medicaid, private) and location (MSA vs. non-MSA).

Main Results:

  • Overall vaccination coverage remained high and stable, exceeding 90% for poliovirus, MMR, hepatitis B, and varicella vaccines.
  • A low but increasing proportion of children (0.9% in 2011 to 1.3% in 2015) received no vaccine doses by age 24 months.
  • Lower vaccination coverage was observed among uninsured children, those with Medicaid, and those living outside metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs).

Conclusions:

  • While overall childhood vaccination rates are high, a slight increase in unvaccinated children warrants attention.
  • Disparities in vaccination coverage exist based on socioeconomic factors and geographic location, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.
  • Strategies such as promoting the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program, reducing missed vaccination opportunities, and ensuring continuous health insurance can help mitigate these disparities.

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