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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's...
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Autonomic Nervous System01:22

Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. These divisions function antagonistically to maintain a dynamic...
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Autonomic Nervous System: Overview01:26

Autonomic Nervous System: Overview

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The human nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS contains nerve cells, clusters of nerve cells, and the sensory receptors that are outside the CNS. The PNS has two types of nerve cells: sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent). Sensory cells send signals to the CNS from receptors, and motor cells carry signals from the CNS to organs, muscles, and...
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Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants01:23

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants

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Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
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Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers01:28

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers

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Ganglionic blockers inhibit autonomic activity by blocking nicotinic receptors in the autonomic ganglia, suppressing impulse transmission. These blockers lack selectivity between sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia and are ineffective as neuromuscular junction antagonists. They can be categorized into two groups:
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Quantitative Autonomic Testing
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Quantitative Autonomic Testing

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Autonomic Disorders.

Peter Novak1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Faulkner Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

The American Journal of Medicine
|October 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review details autonomic disorders, including orthostatic intolerance syndromes and small fiber neuropathies. It covers various conditions affecting the autonomic nervous system, aiding clinical diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
Autonomic disordersAutonomic failureHypocapnic cerebral hypoperfusionOrthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion syndromePostural tachycardia syndromeSmall fiber neuropathy

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Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System ANS Activity in Children
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Related Experiment Videos

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Quantitative Autonomic Testing
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Autonomic Neuroscience

Background:

  • Autonomic complaints are common in clinical practice.
  • These symptoms can stem from primary autonomic disorders or secondary medical conditions.
  • Understanding these disorders is crucial for effective patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of primary autonomic disorders.
  • To categorize and describe various orthostatic intolerance syndromes.
  • To discuss small fiber neuropathies and related conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of primary and secondary autonomic disorders.
  • Categorization of orthostatic intolerance syndromes.
  • Description of small fiber neuropathies (sensory/autonomic/mixed, acute/subacute/chronic, idiopathic/secondary, inflammatory/noninflammatory).

Main Results:

  • Orthostatic intolerance syndromes include neurally mediated syncope, orthostatic hypotension, postural tachycardia syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, orthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion syndrome, and hypocapnic cerebral hypoperfusion.
  • Small fiber neuropathies present with autonomic failure, pain, or both.
  • Specific autonomic syndromes like diabetic neuropathy, primary hyperhidrosis, paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, autonomic dysreflexia, neurogenic bladder, and gastrointestinal motility disorders are also discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Autonomic disorders encompass a wide spectrum of conditions affecting multiple body systems.
  • Accurate diagnosis and classification are essential for targeted treatment strategies.
  • This review serves as a resource for clinicians managing patients with autonomic dysfunction.