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Platelet Activation and Platelet-Leukocyte Aggregates in Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Asmaa M Zahran1, Omnia El-Badawy2, Ismail L Mohamad3

  • 1Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt.

Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis : Official Journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
|October 13, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) show increased platelet activation, linked to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. This heightened platelet activity may explain their elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk compared to non-diabetics.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Endocrinology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) confers an elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, potentially beyond hyperglycemia alone.
  • Metabolic disorders like hyperlipidemia frequently coexist with T1D, influencing disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate platelet activation markers in T1D patients.
  • To correlate platelet activity with metabolic parameters (hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia) in T1D.
  • To understand the contribution of platelet activation to CVD risk in T1D.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to assess platelet activation markers (CD62P, CD36) and aggregates (platelet-monocyte, platelet-neutrophil).
  • Assays included glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profiles.
  • Study included 35 T1D patients and 20 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • T1D patients exhibited significantly higher CD62P and CD36 expression on platelets compared to controls.
  • Increased frequency of platelet-monocyte aggregates was observed in T1D patients.
  • Platelet markers (CD36+, CD62P+) and platelet-monocyte aggregates correlated significantly with HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in T1D patients stimulate platelet activation.
  • Enhanced platelet activation and aggregation may contribute to the increased CVD vulnerability in T1D.
  • Platelet markers serve as potential indicators of CVD risk in T1D.

Keywords:
CD36CD62PT1Dcardiovascular diseasesplatelet activationplatelet aggregates

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