Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 4, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
Published on: July 5, 2022
Corneal confocal microscopy as a tool for detecting diabetic polyneuropathy in a cohort with screen-detected type 2
Signe T Andersen1, Kasper Grosen2, Hatice Tankisi3
1Research Unit for General Practice & Section for General Medical Practice, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Aims:
In this cross-sectional study, we explored the utility of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) measures for detecting diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) and their association with clinical variables, in a cohort with type 2 diabetes.
Methods:
CCM, nerve conduction studies, and assessment of symptoms and clinical deficits of DPN were undertaken in 144 participants with type 2 diabetes and 25 controls. DPN was defined according to the Toronto criteria for confirmed DPN.
Results:
Corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) was lower both in participants with confirmed DPN (n = 27) and in participants without confirmed DPN (n = 117) compared with controls (P = 0.04 and P = 0.01, respectively). No differences were observed for CNFD (P = 0.98) between participants with and without DPN. There were no differences in CNFL and CNBD between groups (P = 0.06 and P = 0.29, respectively). CNFD was associated with age, height, total- and LDL cholesterol.
Conclusions:
CCM could not distinguish patients with and without neuropathy, but CNFD was lower in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to controls. Age may influence the level of CCM measures.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer
Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization
Absolute error in a measurement is the numerical difference from the true or central value. Relative error is the ratio between absolute error and the true or central value, expressed as a percentage.
Errors can be classified by source, magnitude, and sign. There are three types of errors: systematic, random, and gross.
Systematic or...

