Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Improved Home Blood Pressure Control by CT-guided Ozone-mediated Renal Denervation for Patients with Resistant Hypertension
Published on: June 6, 2025
Resistant Hypertension: A Real Entity Requiring Special Treatment?
Stefano Taddei1, Rosa Maria Bruno1,2
1University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Abstract:
Resistant hypertension (RH) was defined many years ago as a clinical situation in which blood pressure remains uncontrolled despite concomitant intake of at least three antihypertensive drugs (one of them preferably being a diuretic) at full doses. This operative definition was aimed at identifying a subset of hypertensive patients requiring a more extensive clinical workup in order to achieve an adequate blood pressure control. An oversimplification of this picture led to consider RH as a separate clinical entity requiring special, expensive treatments, such as renal denervation and baroreceptor activating therapy. In this review we will discuss the utility and the shortcomings of the definition of RH and the possible consequences for treatment.
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