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Omalizumab for Severe Asthma: Beyond Allergic Asthma
C C Loureiro1,2, L Amaral3, J A Ferreira4
1Pulmonology Unit, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Biomed Research International
|October 13, 2018
Summary
Asthma can be allergic or nonallergic, with distinct mechanisms and severity. While biomarkers help identify some patients for targeted therapies like omalizumab, further research is needed for nonallergic severe asthma treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Immunology
- Allergy
Background:
- Asthma classification includes allergic (atopic) and nonallergic (nonatopic) types based on triggers.
- Allergic asthma involves IgE response to allergens; nonallergic asthma is severe with unknown mechanisms.
- Clinical presentation and exacerbations can be similar, complicating diagnosis and treatment stratification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To differentiate between allergic and nonallergic asthma.
- To explore potential biomarkers for asthma phenotyping and treatment guidance.
- To evaluate the role of biologic agents like omalizumab in severe asthma.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on asthma classification and mechanisms.
- Analysis of clinical presentation, biomarkers, and treatment responses.
- Discussion of current therapeutic strategies and future research directions.
Main Results:
- Allergic asthma is well-studied, while nonallergic asthma mechanisms remain unclear.
- Distinct clinical phenotypes and biomarkers exist, but ideal stratification tools are lacking.
- Omalizumab shows potential for specific atopic patients and severe nonatopic asthma, though evidence is limited.
Conclusions:
- Accurate asthma phenotyping is crucial for effective treatment.
- Biomarkers may aid in selecting patients for targeted therapies.
- Further research, including clinical trials, is needed to optimize treatment for severe and nonallergic asthma.
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