Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 4, 2026
08:15
Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection
Published on: January 31, 2020
9.2K
HIV-2 Primary Infection in a French 69-Year-Old Bisexual Man
Nicolas Cazals1, Quentin Le Hingrat2,3, Bruno Abraham1
1Service de Médecine Interne, Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Brive-la-Gaillarde, Brive-la-Gaillarde, France.
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|October 13, 2018
Summary
This case study details a rare primary infection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 2 (HIV-2) in a 69-year-old man. It offers new insights into the early stages of HIV-2 infection, which is uncommon.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Public Health
Background:
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 2 (HIV-2) primarily affects over 1 million individuals in West Africa.
- Primary HIV-2 infections are exceptionally rare, with only two documented cases prior to this report.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a detailed account of a primary HIV-2 infection.
- To offer valuable insights into the early clinical presentation and progression of HIV-2.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 69-year-old French bisexual Caucasian male.
- Clinical observation and diagnostic evaluation of acute HIV-2 infection.
Main Results:
- Detailed description of a primary HIV-2 infection in an elderly patient.
- The case provides a rare, in-depth look at the initial phase of HIV-2 infection.
Conclusions:
- Primary HIV-2 infection can occur in diverse demographic groups.
- This case expands the limited understanding of acute HIV-2 infection and its clinical manifestations.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:13meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –CO2R, –COR, –CO2H
6.7K
All meta-directing substituents are deactivating groups. These substituents withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring, making the ring less reactive toward electrophilic substitution. For example, the nitration of nitrobenzene is 100,000 times slower than that of benzene because of the deactivating effect of the nitro group. The first step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution is the addition of an electrophile to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation. The energy diagrams for...
6.7K
01:202° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2
5.5K
Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
5.5K
01:47Primary Active Transport
198.5K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
198.5K
01:20Infection
12.6K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
12.6K
02:14SN2 Reaction: Kinetics
10.3K
Kinetic Studies and Significance
In a chemical reaction, a relationship exists between the concentration of reactants and the rate at which the reaction proceeds. The study to measure this relationship is known as the kinetics of a chemical reaction. Kinetic studies are used to deduce the rate law of a chemical reaction, which provides information about the species involved during the transition state of the rate-determining step. Thus, kinetic studies help to derive the mechanism of a...
In a chemical reaction, a relationship exists between the concentration of reactants and the rate at which the reaction proceeds. The study to measure this relationship is known as the kinetics of a chemical reaction. Kinetic studies are used to deduce the rate law of a chemical reaction, which provides information about the species involved during the transition state of the rate-determining step. Thus, kinetic studies help to derive the mechanism of a...
10.3K
03:02Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots
60.5K
Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
60.5K