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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

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Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart
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Pulmonary function assessment post-left ventricular assist device implantation.

Pavol Sajgalik1, Chul-Ho Kim1, John M Stulak2

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

ESC Heart Failure
|October 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Continuous flow (CF) left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation in heart failure (HF) patients did not improve respiratory function. Decreased lung diffusing capacity (DLCO) post-implantation correlated with hemodynamic status and predicted survival.

Keywords:
Continuous flow pumpsDLCOPulmonary circulation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) can cause pulmonary alterations.
  • Continuous flow (CF) left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are used to manage end-stage HF.
  • The impact of CF LVADs on respiratory function requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term effects of CF LVADs on respiratory function in patients with end-stage HF.
  • To determine the relationship between hemodynamic changes and respiratory function post-LVAD implantation.
  • To assess the predictive value of respiratory function changes on survival after LVAD implantation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 44 end-stage HF patients who received CF LVADs.
  • Pulmonary function tests (FVC, FEV1, DLCO) were compared pre- and post-LVAD implantation.
  • Invasive hemodynamic parameters (PCWP, RAP) were analyzed in conjunction with respiratory function.

Main Results:

  • Significant decrease in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) by -23% post-LVAD implantation (P < 0.001).
  • Reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were observed post-LVAD.
  • DLCO decline correlated inversely with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and right atrial pressure (RAP) changes.

Conclusions:

  • LVAD implantation did not improve pulmonary function in HF patients.
  • DLCO deterioration post-LVAD is linked to hemodynamic status.
  • Changes in DLCO within 6 months post-operation predict survival in HF patients.