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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Crystallization of Proteins on Chip by Microdialysis for In Situ X-ray Diffraction Studies
Published on: April 11, 2021
Ultrafast Self-Induced X-Ray Transparency and Loss of Magnetic Diffraction
Z Chen1, D J Higley2, M Beye3
1Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Abstract:
Using ultrafast ≃2.5 fs and ≃25 fs self-amplified spontaneous emission pulses of increasing intensity and a novel experimental scheme, we report the concurrent increase of stimulated emission in the forward direction and loss of out-of-beam diffraction contrast for a Co/Pd multilayer sample. The experimental results are quantitatively accounted for by a statistical description of the pulses in conjunction with the optical Bloch equations. The dependence of the stimulated sample response on the incident intensity, coherence time, and energy jitter of the employed pulses reveals the importance of increased control of x-ray free electron laser radiation.
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