Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) to Predict Pressure Ulcer Risk in Intensive Care Patients: A Retrospective
Maarit Ahtiala1, Esa Soppi2, Teijo Saari3
1Service Division, Perioperative Services, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Ostomy/Wound Management
|October 13, 2018
Summary
The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scale can help predict pressure ulcer (PU) risk in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Higher SOFA scores indicate increased PU development, especially in medical patients.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Patient Safety
- Clinical Assessment Tools
Background:
- Pressure ulcer (PU) risk assessment in adult intensive care units (ICUs) lacks standardized practices.
- Variability in current PU risk assessment methods necessitates improved predictive tools.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scale and its components in predicting PU development among ICU patients.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 4899 adult patients admitted to a Finnish mixed medical-surgical ICU (2010-2012).
- Statistical analyses included Wilcoxon and chi-squared tests, logistic regression to determine PU association with SOFA scores and subcategories.
Main Results:
- Overall PU incidence was 8.1%, with medical patients experiencing significantly higher rates (11.3%) than surgical patients (6.1%).
- Patients with PUs exhibited higher mean SOFA scores (8.24) compared to those without (6.74).
- SOFA subcategories including Glasgow Coma score, renal and respiratory disorders, and hypotension were significantly associated with PU development.
Conclusions:
- The total SOFA score serves as a valuable adjunct for assessing PU risk in ICUs.
- Integrating the SOFA scale with existing tools like the Braden or mJ/C Scale can enhance PU risk stratification.
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