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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants

Published on: October 4, 2015

Prenatal neural responses to infant faces predict postpartum reflective functioning.

Helena J V Rutherford¹, Michael J Crowley¹, Lucy Gao¹

¹Yale Child Study Center, United States.

Infant Behavior & Development

|October 14, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal brain activity during pregnancy, specifically responses to infant faces, may predict postpartum parenting challenges. Understanding these early neural patterns can inform support for new mothers.

Keywords:

EEG/ERP Mentalization Parenting Pregnancy Reflective functioning

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Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Maternal Health

Background:

Pregnancy involves significant psychological and biological changes.
Research on the maternal brain primarily focuses on the postpartum period.
The implications of brain function during pregnancy for postpartum caregiving are underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate maternal brain function during the third trimester of pregnancy.
To examine the relationship between brain responses to infant faces and postpartum parental reflective functioning.

Main Methods:

Utilized event-related potentials (ERPs) to measure the late positive potential (LPP).
Assessed LPP in 35 pregnant women in response to infant distress and neutral faces.
Measured parental reflective functioning at 3 months postpartum.

Main Results:

Infant distress faces elicited larger LPPs than neutral faces during late pregnancy.
A larger LPP to neutral infant faces predicted greater self-reported difficulty in understanding infant's thoughts and feelings postpartum.

Conclusions:

Maternal brain activity during pregnancy shows distinct responses to infant cues.
Neural responses in late pregnancy may predict challenges in postpartum caregiving.
Studying the pregnant brain offers potential for early clinical interventions for new mothers.