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Cervical alterations in pregnancy.

Joy Vink1, Kristin Myers2

  • 1Dept. of OB/GYN, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|October 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) is a major concern, with rising rates despite research. This chapter explores cervical function and dysfunction, aiming to improve interventions for preventing premature birth.

Keywords:
CervixPremature cervical remodelingPreterm birthShort cervix

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) before 37 weeks' gestation is a persistent obstetric challenge.
  • While SPTB rates saw a slight decrease from 2007-2014, recent CDC data indicate a concerning rise.
  • Approximately 1 in 10 US pregnancies result in premature delivery, highlighting the urgency of this issue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the normal structure and function of the cervix during pregnancy.
  • To understand the mechanisms of cervical malfunction leading to SPTB.
  • To review current interventions for SPTB and identify knowledge gaps for future research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on cervical physiology in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of known pathways of cervical incompetence contributing to SPTB.
  • Examination of the proposed mechanisms of action for existing SPTB interventions.

Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of normal cervical anatomy and its role in maintaining pregnancy.
  • Identification of key factors and pathways involved in premature cervical changes leading to SPTB.
  • Synthesis of current understanding regarding the efficacy and limitations of existing preventive strategies.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of cervical function is crucial for addressing SPTB.
  • Current interventions require further refinement based on a deeper knowledge of cervical pathophysiology.
  • Future research should focus on novel strategies to prevent premature cervical failure and reduce SPTB rates.