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Evaluation of a Dialectical Behavior Therapy Psychiatry Residency Training Program.

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Psychiatry residents trained in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) showed increased confidence and willingness to treat borderline personality disorder (BPD) patients compared to standard care. Key training elements included exposure to high-risk patients and team-based treatment.

Keywords:
Dialectical behavior therapyPsychotherapyResidents

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health Treatment
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) presents significant treatment challenges.
  • Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based approach for BPD.
  • Effective training for psychiatry residents is crucial for managing BPD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the impact of DBT training versus standard care on residents' confidence and willingness to treat BPD patients.
  • To assess resident attitudes towards patients with BPD.
  • To identify specific components of DBT training that influence resident preparedness.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods design evaluated 57 psychiatry residents over a 3-month community psychiatry rotation.
  • Residents were assigned to either a DBT clinic (N=33) or a standard care clinic (N=24).
  • Data collected included quantitative measures and qualitative responses to open-ended questions regarding treatment confidence and willingness.

Main Results:

  • DBT training significantly increased willingness and confidence in treating BPD and non-suicidal self-injury compared to standard care.
  • No significant differences were found in confidence treating suicidal patients between the groups.
  • Qualitative analysis revealed four beneficial training themes: exposure to high-risk patients, team-based structure, didactic training, and supervision.

Conclusions:

  • DBT training enhances psychiatry residents' willingness and confidence in treating BPD patients.
  • Team-based treatment structures and exposure to high-risk patients within DBT training positively impact resident preparedness.
  • While internal validity was limited, the study's community mental health setting enhances external validity for resident training programs.