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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Quantifying Arms and Legs Contributions during Repetitive Electrically-Assisted Sit-To-Stand Exercise in Paraplegics: A Pilot Study
Published on: November 11, 2022
Muscle Activity Pattern Dysfunction During Sit to Stand and Stand to Sit in the Movement System Impairment Subgroups
Neda Orakifar1, Mohammad Jafar Shaterzadeh-Yazdi1, Reza Salehi2
1Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Objective:
To investigate impairment in the activity pattern of some muscles involved in sit to stand (STD) and stand to sit (STS) among 2 low back pain (LBP) subgroups of the Movement System Impairment (MSI) model.
Design:
Case-control study.
Setting:
A university medical center.
Participants:
Fifteen women without chronic LBP and 22 women with chronic LBP (N=37) in 2 subgroups (15 into the lumbar extension rotation (LER) and 7 into lumbar flexion rotation [LFR]) voluntarily participated in this study.
Interventions:
Participants were asked to perform STD and STS at a preferred speed. Surface electromyography (EMG) were measured bilaterally from the internal oblique (IO), lumbar erector spine (ES), medial hamstring (MH), and lateral hamstring (LH) muscles.
Main Outcome Measures:
Changes in mean and maximum amplitude, time to peak amplitude, duration of muscle activity, and bilateral asymmetry of these variables.
Results:
During STD, bilateral asymmetry in mean amplitude of MH in the LER subgroup (P=.031) and bilateral asymmetry in duration of LH in the LFR subgroup (P=.026) were exhibited. Also, in this task reduced time to peak left MH activation were found in the LFR subgroup than 2 other groups (control; P=.028/LER; P=.004). During STS, increased left ES maximum amplitude were observed in the LFR subgroup than LER subgroup (P=.029). Also, reduced time to peak right ES (P=.035) and left LH (P=.038) activation in the LER subgroup than control subjects and reduced time to peak left LH activation in LFR subgroup than control subjects (P=.041) were observed during STS.
Conclusions:
The differences between the 2 LBP subgroups may be a result of impairment in the activity pattern of some muscles during functional activity.
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