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Alexander A Brescia1, Caitlin A Harrington2, Alyssa A Mazurek1

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Opioid dependence is rising. This study found that 14% of patients continued opioid use after lung resection, with adjuvant therapy and thoracotomy being key risk factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Oncology
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Rising rates of opioid dependence, misuse, and abuse in the US.
  • Elective surgery is a known risk factor for persistent opioid use.
  • The incidence of persistent opioid use after thoracic procedures, specifically lung resection, was previously unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence of new persistent opioid use after lung resection.
  • To identify factors associated with new persistent opioid use following lung resection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized insurance claims data from the Truven Health MarketScan Databases (2010-2014).
  • Included opioid-naïve cancer patients undergoing lung resection.
  • Defined new persistent opioid use as prescription fills between 90 and 180 days post-surgery.
  • Employed multivariable logistic regression for risk adjustment.

Main Results:

  • Identified 3,026 opioid-naïve patients undergoing lung resection.
  • 14% of patients exhibited new persistent opioid use post-surgery.
  • Independent risk factors included younger age (≤64), male sex, longer hospital stay, thoracotomy, and adjuvant therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Adjuvant therapy and thoracotomy were the most significant risk factors for persistent opioid use after lung resection.
  • Future research should address reducing opioid prescribing, enhancing patient education, and promoting safe disposal practices.