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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Co-Translational Insertion of Membrane Proteins into Preformed Nanodiscs
Published on: November 19, 2020
Single-Unit Imaging of Membrane Protein-Embedded Nanodiscs from Two Oriented Sides by High-Speed Atomic Force
Takamitsu Haruyama1, Yasunori Sugano1, Noriyuki Kodera2
1Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
Abstract:
Membrane proteins play important roles in various cellular functions. To analyze membrane proteins, nanodisc technology using membrane scaffold proteins allows single membrane protein units to be embedded into the lipid bilayer disc without detergents. Recent advancements in high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) have enabled us to monitor the real-time dynamics of proteins in solution at the nanometer scale. In this study, we report HS-AFM imaging of membrane proteins reconstituted into nanodiscs using two membrane protein complexes, SecYEG complex and MgtE dimer. The observed images showed single particles of membrane protein-embedded nanodiscs in an end-up orientation whereby the membrane was fixed parallel to the supporting solid surface and in a side-on orientation whereby the membrane plane was vertically fixed to the solid surface, enabling the elucidation of domain fluctuations in membrane proteins. This technique provides a basic method for the high-resolution imaging of single membrane proteins by HS-AFM.
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