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Scavenger Receptors: Promiscuous Players during Microbial Pathogenesis
Rita Pombinho1,2, Sandra Sousa1,2, Didier Cabanes1,2
1a Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Group of Molecular Microbiology , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.
Critical Reviews in Microbiology
|October 16, 2018
Summary
Scavenger receptors (SRs) are key innate immunity sensors crucial for controlling microbial infections. Pathogens interact with SRs, either evading detection or exploiting them to promote infection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Innate immunity provides broad host defense against microbial infections.
- Scavenger receptors (SRs) are crucial sensors in innate immunity, regulating immune cell recruitment and inflammatory responses.
- Microbial pathogens have evolved mechanisms to evade or exploit SRs during infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the critical role of scavenger receptors in host-pathogen interactions.
- To discuss how SRs recognize diverse microbial ligands and function as phagocytic receptors.
- To highlight the dual role of SRs in controlling bacterial load and inflammatory responses.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on scavenger receptors and microbial pathogenesis.
- Analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying SR-ligand interactions.
- Discussion of pathogen strategies to modulate SR function.
Main Results:
- Scavenger receptors recognize a wide array of microbial ligands.
- SRs play a dual role in immunity, controlling bacterial load and inflammation.
- Pathogens have evolved strategies to interfere with SR-mediated recognition and function.
Conclusions:
- Scavenger receptors are multifunctional proteins vital for innate immune defense against microbial pathogens.
- Understanding SR-pathogen interplay is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
- SRs act as critical sensors and phagocytic receptors in host defense.
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