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Silver clusters with DNA oligonucleotides exhibit strong fluorescence. Thymine and cytosine bases influence cluster formation and emission color, with oxygen favoring fluorescent species.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysical Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Short oligonucleotides form fluorescent silver clusters.
  • Cytosine-containing oligonucleotides (dC12) yield red and blue/green emitting silver species.
  • Understanding base influence on silver cluster formation is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how thymine bases and oligonucleotide sequence affect silver cluster formation and fluorescence.
  • Determine the binding site of silver clusters on thymine-containing DNA.
  • Characterize the factors influencing the emission properties of silver-DNA nanostructures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized fluorescence anisotropy, circular dichroism, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS).
  • Varied solution pH to study cluster association with thymine bases.
  • Analyzed absorption spectra and gas dependence of fluorescence.
  • Investigated the effect of oligonucleotide concentration on cluster formation.

Main Results:

  • Silver clusters associate with the N3 atom of thymine in dT12 and dT4C4T4 oligonucleotides.
  • FCS studies indicated approximately 50% of dT4C4T4 strands were labeled with fluorescent clusters.
  • Oxygen favors fluorescent cluster formation, suggesting DNA-bound clusters are partially oxidized.
  • Lower concentrations of dC4T4C4 favor blue/green emission, similar to dT12 and dT4C4T4.

Conclusions:

  • Both cytosine and thymine bases contribute to stabilizing preferred emissive silver clusters.
  • Oligonucleotide sequence and concentration play critical roles in determining silver cluster properties.
  • The findings provide insights into the rational design of fluorescent silver-DNA nanostructures.