Multiple Juvenile Xanthogranuloma of the Eyelids

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Dermatology
• Pediatric Oncology

Background:

• Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a rare, benign neoplastic proliferation of histiocytes.
• Typically presents as a solitary lesion in infants and young children.
• Eyelid involvement is documented, but multiple lesions in an adolescent are unusual.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of multiple juvenile xanthogranuloma lesions affecting both eyelids in a 15-year-old male.
• To describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and management of extensive eyelid JXG.
• To emphasize the importance of considering JXG in adolescents with eyelid masses, even with atypical presentations.

Main Methods:

• Clinical case presentation of a 15-year-old male with bilateral eyelid masses.
• Surgical resection of a symptomatic lesion from the left inner canthus.
• Histopathological examination of the resected mass using light microscopy.

Main Results:

• The resected mass revealed characteristic histopathological features of juvenile xanthogranuloma, including Touton giant cells.
• No evidence of malignancy was observed in the examined tissue.
• The patient experienced no recurrence of the lesion after surgical removal.

Conclusions:

• This case expands the known clinical spectrum of juvenile xanthogranuloma to include multiple eyelid involvement in older pediatric patients.
• Surgical intervention is effective for symptomatic lesions causing visual disturbance or concern for malignancy.
• Histopathological confirmation is crucial for diagnosing JXG and ruling out other neoplastic conditions.