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Thrombin-induced alterations in endothelial permeability.

A B Malik, S K Lo, R Bizios

    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Thrombin increases endothelial permeability to proteins through direct effects or by triggering fibrin clotting and neutrophil activation. This process contributes to vascular injury and inflammation.

    Area of Science:

    • Vascular Biology
    • Hemostasis
    • Inflammation

    Background:

    • Thrombin is a key enzyme in blood coagulation.
    • Endothelial permeability regulates macromolecule transport.
    • Mechanisms linking thrombin to endothelial barrier dysfunction are complex.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the multifaceted mechanisms by which thrombin increases endothelial permeability.
    • To explore the roles of fibrinogen clotting, neutrophil activation, and lipid mediators.

    Main Methods:

    • Review and synthesis of current understanding of thrombin-mediated endothelial alterations.
    • Hypothetical model illustrating thrombin's effects on endothelial permeability.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Thrombin directly increases endothelial permeability by forming interendothelial gaps.
  • Thrombin induces fibrinogen clotting, leading to fibrin accumulation and neutrophil sequestration.
  • Neutrophil activation and lipid mediators (LTB4, HETEs) contribute to increased endothelial permeability.

    • Conclusions:

    • Thrombin is a significant mediator of increased endothelial permeability to macromolecules.
    • Both direct effects and indirect pathways involving coagulation and inflammation contribute to thrombin-induced vascular injury.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for inflammatory response research.