Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Aggression01:47

Aggression

30.4K
Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
30.4K
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

1.2K
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
1.2K
Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation01:21

Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation

700
Affiliation motivation is the intrinsic desire to connect with others and belong to a social group, which plays a crucial role in forming and maintaining personal relationships. This type of motivation is essential for psychological well-being, as it provides individuals with a sense of community and support. An example of this is a student who joins a study group in order to feel a sense of connection. People with high affiliation motivation actively seek social approval, take satisfaction in...
700
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

33.0K
Overview
33.0K
Reactivity of Enols01:18

Reactivity of Enols

4.1K
Enols are a class of compounds where a hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon–carbon double bond, which implies that it is a vinyl alcohol. A carbonyl compound with an α hydrogen undergoes keto–enol tautomerism and remains in equilibrium with its tautomer, the enol form. Usually, the keto tautomer is present in a higher concentration than the enol tautomer due to the higher bond energy of C=O compared to C=C. Moreover, the direction of the keto–enol equilibrium is...
4.1K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

1.5K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Engineering tumor-specific interferon-alpha-Nivolumab pro-immunocytokine for enhanced melanoma immunotherapy.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Selective activation of pro-anti-CTLA-4 antibody maintains therapeutic efficacy and reduces immune-related adverse events.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

A Multiphase CT-Based Integrated Deep Learning Framework for Rectal Cancer Detection, Segmentation, and Staging: Performance Comparison with Radiologist Assessment.

Journal of imaging·2026
Same author

To generate functional anti-protease-activated receptor-4 (PAR4), a G protein-coupled receptor, antibodies through PAR4-mRNA-LNP immunization.

NPJ vaccines·2025
Same author

Spatial-hindrance-based pro-Adalimumab prevents anti-idiotypic antibody interference in pharmacokinetic and therapeutic efficacy.

Bioengineering & translational medicine·2025
Same author

Reduced Sensitivity to Negative Feedback May Lead to Risky Decision-Making in Amphetamine Users.

Addiction biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers
06:01

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers

Published on: November 9, 2019

8.6K

Right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex involvement in proactive and reactive aggression: a transcranial direct current

Chiao-Yun Chen1

  • 1Department and Graduate Institute of Criminology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.

Neuroreport
|October 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) reduced both proactive and reactive aggression. This suggests the rVLPFC plays a key role in regulating aggressive behaviors.

More Related Videos

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity
06:11

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity

Published on: September 26, 2025

962
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS for Memory Enhancement
10:37

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS for Memory Enhancement

Published on: September 18, 2021

15.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers
06:01

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers

Published on: November 9, 2019

8.6K
High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity
06:11

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity

Published on: September 26, 2025

962
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS for Memory Enhancement
10:37

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS for Memory Enhancement

Published on: September 18, 2021

15.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Aggression is a complex behavior with proactive and reactive components.
  • The right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) is implicated in cognitive control and behavioral regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of modulating rVLPFC excitability on proactive and reactive aggression.
  • To determine if transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can alter aggressive responses.

Main Methods:

  • Anodal tDCS or sham tDCS was applied over the rVLPFC.
  • The Taylor Aggression Paradigm was used to measure proactive and reactive aggression.
  • Participants selected negative feedback levels in a competitive reaction-time task.

Main Results:

  • tDCS over the rVLPFC significantly reduced the selection of negative feedback for both proactive and reactive aggression trials.
  • This indicates a reduction in both types of aggressive behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Modulation of rVLPFC excitability via tDCS can decrease both proactive and reactive aggression.
  • The findings support a general role for the rVLPFC in the regulation of aggressive behavior.