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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

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A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Magnetic Field of a Solenoid01:18

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A solenoid is a conducting wire coated with an insulating material, wound tightly in the form of a helical coil. The magnetic field due to a solenoid is the vector sum of the magnetic fields due to its individual turns. Therefore, for an ideal solenoid, the magnetic field within the solenoid is directly proportional to the number of turns per unit length and the current. Conversely, the magnetic field outside the solenoid is zero.
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Magnetic Field Lines01:19

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The representation of magnetic fields by magnetic field lines is very useful in visualizing the strength and direction of the magnetic field. Each of the magnetic field lines forms a closed loop. The field lines emerge from the north pole (N), loop around to the south pole (S), and continue through the bar magnet back to the north pole.
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Energy In A Magnetic Field01:24

Energy In A Magnetic Field

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If a magnetic field is sustained, there must be a current in a closed circuit or loop, implying some energy has been spent in creating the field. If this energy is not dissipated via the circuit's resistance, it is stored in the field.
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Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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Magnetic resonance field fingerprinting.

Gregor Körzdörfer1,2, Yun Jiang3, Peter Speier1

  • 1Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|October 16, 2018
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Summary

This study introduces a novel magnetic resonance field fingerprinting method for simultaneous T1, T2, B0, and field inhomogeneity mapping. The technique accurately estimates these parameters in phantoms and in vivo, offering potential for enhanced diagnostic information.

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) is crucial for tissue characterization.
  • Simultaneous acquisition of multiple MR parameters (T1, T2, B0, field inhomogeneity) is challenging with conventional methods.
  • Existing magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) techniques often require separate acquisitions or are limited in the parameters they can generate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel magnetic resonance field fingerprinting (MRFF) method.
  • To achieve simultaneous generation of T1, T2, B0, and field inhomogeneity maps from a single, continuous measurement.
  • To improve the accuracy and efficiency of quantitative MRI parameter mapping.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a novel encoding pattern integrating TrueFISP, FISP, and FLASH sequence segments.
  • Incorporated varying flip angles, RF phases, TEs, and gradient moments within a continuous acquisition.
  • Implemented a multistep matching process including spiral deblurring and intravoxel phase dispersion correction.

Main Results:

  • Successfully achieved simultaneous measurement of T1, T2, B0, and field inhomogeneity maps.
  • Demonstrated stability of generated parameter maps in phantom studies.
  • Showcased potential for higher undersampling factors and spatial resolution compared to FISP-based MRF.
  • Highlighted the diagnostic utility of high-resolution B0 maps.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed MRFF method accurately estimates T1, T2, B0, and field inhomogeneity maps.
  • Validated the method's performance in phantoms, brain, and lower abdomen in vivo.
  • The technique offers a robust approach for simultaneous quantitative MRI parameter mapping.
  • High-resolution B0 maps derived from this method may provide valuable diagnostic information.