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Severe Pertussis Infections in the United States, 2011-2015

Sarah A Mbayei1, Amanda Faulkner1, Christine Miner1

  • 1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|October 16, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Severe pertussis (whooping cough) disproportionately affects infants and older adults, increasing hospitalization risks. Vaccination of mothers and children significantly reduces severe pertussis hospitalization outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Pertussis (whooping cough) incidence is rising in the U.S.
  • Limited data exist on severe pertussis in older children and adults compared to infants.
  • This study analyzes pertussis infections across all hospitalized age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize severe pertussis infections in hospitalized patients of all ages.
  • To identify risk factors associated with severe pertussis.
  • To evaluate the impact of maternal and childhood vaccination on pertussis severity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pertussis cases from January 2011 to December 2015 across 7 U.S. states.
  • Abstraction of inpatient medical records for hospitalized patients.
  • Descriptive and multivariable analyses to identify risk factors for severe infection.

Main Results:

  • Of 15,942 pertussis cases, 515 (3.2%) were hospitalized; 3 died.
  • Infants under 2 months represented 29.3% of hospitalizations.
  • Maternal third-trimester acellular pertussis vaccination and up-to-date childhood vaccination reduced hospitalization risk by 43-66%.

Conclusions:

  • Young infants and older adults are most vulnerable to severe pertussis.
  • Hospitalization occurred across all age groups, highlighting broad vulnerability.
  • Ongoing surveillance is crucial for guiding pertussis prevention and treatment strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
hospitalizationpertussis

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