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Marmoset as a Model to Study Kidney Changes Associated With Aging.

Hak Joo Lee1, Olga Gonzalez2, Edward J Dick2

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|October 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The marmoset is a valid model for studying kidney aging, revealing sex-specific differences in molecular pathways. Aged marmosets showed kidney damage and altered protein excretion, correlating with fibrosis markers.

Keywords:
Extracellular matrixFibrosisGlomerulusPrimatesSignaling

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Gerontology
  • Primate Models

Background:

  • Kidney aging is a significant health concern.
  • Nonhuman primates offer valuable insights into human aging.
  • Marmosets are increasingly used as models in biomedical research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the marmoset as a model for studying kidney aging.
  • To identify age-related changes in kidney structure and function in marmosets.
  • To explore sex-specific molecular mechanisms underlying kidney aging.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of young and aged male and female marmosets.
  • Histopathological assessment of kidney tissues for fibrosis and sclerosis.
  • Biochemical analysis of urinary protein excretion.
  • Investigation of key signaling pathways (AMPK, mTORC1, TGF-β1, CBS/H2S).

Main Results:

  • Aging induced glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and arteriolosclerosis in both sexes.
  • Increased urinary albumin and protein excretion correlated with fibrosis markers.
  • Sex-specific alterations in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity were observed in males.
  • Transforming growth factor β-1 (TGF-β1) pathway activation occurred in both sexes, while reduced hydrogen sulfide (H2S) generation was specific to males.

Conclusions:

  • The marmoset serves as a suitable model for kidney aging research.
  • Kidney aging in marmosets involves structural damage and functional decline.
  • Sex-specific differences in signaling pathways (AMPK, mTORC1, H2S) are implicated in marmoset kidney aging.