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Er-Doped Nanostructured BaTiO₃ for NIR to Visible Upconversion
Ariel Meneses-Franco1, Marcelo Campos-Vallette2, Sergio Octavio Vásquez3
1NSC Nanosono SA, R&D Corporation, Hakidma 7, Yokneam industrial Park 2069200, Israel. akahlil@gmail.com.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 17, 2018
Summary
This study reveals how barium-to-titanium ratios and erbium concentration in barium titanate nanoparticles affect photoluminescence. Material distortion influences upconversion dominance, crucial for optical applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Spectroscopy
Background:
- Barium titanate (BaTiO₃) nanoparticles are widely studied for their unique optical and electrical properties.
- Erbium (Er³⁺) doping introduces photoluminescent characteristics, particularly upconversion, making them promising for various applications.
- Controlling the doping process and local structure is key to tailoring these properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the photoluminescent mechanisms in erbium-doped barium titanate nanoparticle systems.
- To understand the influence of stoichiometry (Ba/Ti ratio) and erbium concentration on doping and luminescence.
- To correlate structural properties with upconversion photoluminescence behavior.
Main Methods:
- Sol-gel method for synthesizing Er³⁺-doped BaTiO₃ nanoparticles with varying Er³⁺ concentrations (0–5%) and Ba/Ti ratios.
- Raman spectroscopy to analyze phase structure and lattice distortions.
- Emission spectroscopy to study upconversion and other photoluminescent mechanisms.
Main Results:
- A strong correlation was observed between Ba/Ti ratios, Er³⁺ concentration, phase structure, and erbium ion doping site location.
- Competing upconversion emissions (²H₁₁/₂/⁴S₃/₂→⁴I₁₅/₂) at 523 and 548 nm, and other mechanisms (⁴I₉/₂→⁴I₁₁/₂) around 4000 nm were characterized.
- Upconversion photoluminescence was found to be predominant over other decay mechanisms in highly distorted local environments around the activator ions.
Conclusions:
- Stoichiometry and erbium concentration critically influence the doping mechanism and site location of Er³⁺ in BaTiO₃ lattices.
- Lattice distortion plays a significant role in determining the dominance of upconversion photoluminescence.
- The findings provide insights for optimizing Er³⁺-doped BaTiO₃ nanoparticles for advanced optical applications.
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