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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

130.8K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
130.8K
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

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Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature03:34

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

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An element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) can react with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal) to produce ions through complete electron transfer. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the oppositely charged ions.
87.3K
Bond Polarity, Dipole Moment, and Percent Ionic Character02:48

Bond Polarity, Dipole Moment, and Percent Ionic Character

35.6K
Bond Polarity
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Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.2K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.2K

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Potassium-induced ionic conduction through a single nanofluidic pore modified with acyclic polyether derivative.

Mubarak Ali1, Ishtiaq Ahmed2, Saima Nasir3

  • 1Technische Universität Darmstadt, Fachbereich Material- u, Geowissenschaften, Fachgebiet Materialanalytik, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany; GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|October 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a synthetic nanofluidic pore sensor that specifically detects potassium cations (K+). This innovation mimics biological ion channels, offering a stable and tunable platform for ion recognition in sensing devices.

Keywords:
Acyclic polyetherCation analysisChemical functionalizationCurrent rectificationHost–guest interactionsSynthetic nanoporesTrack-etching

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Solid-state nanofluidic pores mimic biological ion channels, offering enhanced stability and tunable properties.
  • Synthetic nanopores are ideal for developing nanofluidic sensory devices by functionalizing pore surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel nanofluidic pore sensor for selective potassium cation (K+) recognition.
  • To demonstrate the use of a functionalized acyclic polyether derivative within a confined nanopore environment.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of an amine-terminated acyclic polyether derivative (bis-podand-NH2).
  • Covalent coupling of bis-podand-NH2 to carboxylic acid groups on conical nanopore walls.
  • Monitoring changes in ion flux rectification upon exposure to various alkali metal chloride solutions.

Main Results:

  • The functionalized nanopore exhibited specific recognition and binding of potassium cations (K+).
  • Significant changes in ion flux rectification were observed only with potassium chloride solutions.
  • Other alkali metal chloride solutions showed only minor alterations in ion current rectification.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bis-podand functionalized nanofluidic pore enables selective detection of potassium cations.
  • This strategy provides a foundation for miniaturized nanofluidic sensors for various ion detections by modifying polymer chain lengths.