Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 3, 2026
New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat
Published on: January 23, 2017
From paper to practice: Strategies for improving antibiotic stewardship in the pediatric ambulatory setting
Michael J Bozzella1, Nada Harik1, Jason G Newland2
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's National Health System, George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, United States.
Insights
Antibiotic stewardship programs improve patient outcomes and reduce resistance by optimizing antibiotic use in outpatient settings. Strategies include education, algorithms, and feedback for better prescribing practices.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Public Health
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Antibiotic stewardship is crucial for improving patient outcomes, combating antibiotic resistance, and reducing healthcare costs.
- The majority of antibiotic prescriptions in the U.S. occur in ambulatory care settings, highlighting the need for effective stewardship interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review evidence-based strategies for enhancing antibiotic prescribing in ambulatory care.
- To provide pediatric providers with practical approaches to implement antibiotic stewardship.
Main Methods:
- The review summarizes various evidence-based strategies.
- Methods include education for patients and clinicians, communication training, treatment algorithms, delayed prescribing, provider feedback, commitment letters, and justification prompts.
Main Results:
- Multiple strategies have demonstrated effectiveness in improving antibiotic prescribing.
- Tailoring interventions to practice workflows and culture is essential for successful implementation.
- Combining multiple interventions maximizes impact.
Conclusions:
- Effective antibiotic stewardship in ambulatory care requires a multi-faceted approach.
- Pediatric providers can implement these strategies to optimize antibiotic use.
- Continuous evaluation and adaptation of stewardship interventions are necessary.
Abstract:
Antibiotic stewardship aims to better patient outcomes, reduce antibiotic resistance, and decrease unnecessary health care costs by improving appropriate antibiotic use. More than half of annual antibiotic expenditures for antibiotics in the United States are prescribed in the ambulatory setting. This review provides a summary of evidence based strategies shown to improve antibiotic prescribing in ambulatory care settings including: providing education to patients and their families, providing education to clinicians regarding best practices for specific conditions, providing communications training to clinicians, implementing disease-specific treatment algorithms, implementing delayed prescribing for acute otitis media, supplying prescribing feedback to providers with peer comparisons, using commitment letters, and prompting providers to justify antibiotic prescribing for diagnoses for which antibiotics are not typically recommended. These various mechanisms to improve stewardship can be tailored to a specific practice's work flow and culture. Interventions should be used in combination to maximize impact. The intent with this review is to provide an overview of strategies that pediatric providers can take from paper to practice.
Related Concept Videos
00:57Antibiotic Selection
01:30Development of Antibiotic Resistance
01:12Setting Time of Cement
01:26Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion
01:16Characteristics of Practical Op Amps
The ratio of differential gain to the common-mode gain is defined as the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). This ratio quantifies the ability of operational amplifiers (op-amps) to reject common-mode...
01:30Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice
Theories provide a perspective to assess patients' conditions and organize data and methods. They also assist in analyzing and interpreting information. They represent a...