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Sexual orientation of 46, XX patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a descriptive review
R Gondim1, F Teles1, U Barroso1
1Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Human Health, Bahiana School of Medicine and the Department of Urology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Background:
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) consists of a group of diseases characterized by an enzyme deficiency, particularly 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The condition may present in the simple virilizing form or in the salt-wasting form, with varying degrees of genital ambiguity. The non-heterosexual orientation is used in gender studies fields and includes bisexual, homosexual, Lesbians, gays, bissexuals, transgender, intersex, and others.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of non-heterosexual orientation in patients with CAH, in an attempt to identify biological factors possibly associated with this occurrence.
Methods:
This was a descriptive review of observational studies on the sexual orientation of patients with CAH published between 1985 and 2016, as listed in PubMed.
Results:
Various studies have been performed to establish the relationship between CAH and non-heterosexual orientation. Non-heterosexual orientation is more prevalent in patients with more advanced Prader stages and those with the null and I2-splice genotype.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of homosexuality and bisexuality is greater in patients with CAH in relation to the general population.
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