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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Development of a Uterosacral Ligament Suspension Rat Model
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Introducing the craniocervical Y-ligament.

Gergely Bodon1, Kristof Kiraly2, Miklos Tunyogi-Csapo3

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Klinikum Esslingen, Hirschlandstrasse 97, 73730, Esslingen am Neckar, Germany. gbodon@gmail.com.

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
|October 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a new ligament in the upper neck, the craniocervical Y-ligament, crucial for upper cervical spine stability during movement.

Keywords:
Accessory atlantoaxial ligamentAlar ligamentAnatomyCraniocervical junctionTectorial membraneTransverse atlantal ligament

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Biomechanics
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • The upper cervical spine's complex anatomy necessitates a thorough understanding of its stabilizing structures.
  • Accessory atlantoaxial ligaments have been recognized, but their full integration into a functional unit was unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the accessory atlantoaxial ligaments and define their anatomical structure.
  • To name and characterize a newly identified ligamentous complex in the craniocervical region.

Main Methods:

  • Dissection of upper cervical spine ligaments in Thiel embalmed human cadavers.
  • Detailed photographic and video documentation of the Y-ligament in various head positions (neutral, flexion, extension, rotation).
  • Description of the Y-ligament's origin, attachment, and behavior during dynamic movements.

Main Results:

  • The craniocervical Y-ligament was consistently found to be paired and symmetrical.
  • The ligament's 'Y' shape features lateral arms connecting atlas to axis and a medial arm connecting occiput to axis, merging with alar and transverse ligaments.
  • The Y-ligament tensed during flexion and rotation, and relaxed during extension, indicating a role in controlling atlantooccipital and atlantoaxial motion.

Conclusions:

  • The craniocervical Y-ligament is a constant anatomical structure with a significant role in limiting upper cervical spine movements.
  • Understanding this ligament is vital for comprehending upper cervical stability.
  • This study provides a foundation for future biomechanical and radiological investigations into the craniocervical Y-ligament.