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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Live-Cell Imaging Assays to Study Glioblastoma Brain Tumor Stem Cell Migration and Invasion
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Live-Cell Imaging Assays to Study Glioblastoma Brain Tumor Stem Cell Migration and Invasion

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Introduction to Brain Tumor Stem Cells.

Nicolas Yelle1,2, David Bakhshinyan1,2, Chitra Venugopal3,4

  • 1McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain tumor stem cells, capable of self-renewal and differentiation, are key to understanding cancer. Research into these cells offers insights into tumor growth, resistance, and relapse.

Keywords:
Brain tumor initiating cell makersBrain tumor stem cellsCancer stem cellsIntratumoral heterogeneityNeural stem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Stem cells, first described in the 1960s, possess self-renewal and differentiation capabilities.
  • Neural stem cells were discovered 30 years after initial stem cell descriptions.
  • Cancer stem cells (CSCs) were identified in leukemia and brain tumors, revolutionizing cancer understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the history and role of normal and cancerous stem cells in brain tumor development.
  • To understand the implications of brain tumor stem cells in current cancer models.
  • To highlight the significance of CSCs in cancer research.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of stem cell research.
  • Exploration of the cancer stem cell hypothesis.
  • Discussion of CSC markers like CD133.

Main Results:

  • Stem cells are fundamental to tissue development and regeneration.
  • CSCs are implicated in intratumoral heterogeneity, tumor initiation, and treatment resistance.
  • CSCs are linked to chemotherapy and radiation resistance, contributing to tumor relapse.

Conclusions:

  • Brain tumor stem cells play a critical role in tumor initiation, progression, and recurrence.
  • Understanding CSCs is crucial for developing effective cancer therapies.
  • Targeting CSCs may hold the key to overcoming the challenges of cancer treatment.